CAS: 9005-64-5
Polysorbate 20 is an emulsifier derived from the ethoxylation of sorbitan monolaurate. It is valued for its mildness, solubilizing properties, and compatibility with a wide range of ingredients. Polysorbate 20 is widely used to stabilize emulsions, disperse oils, and enhance the performance of formulations across multiple industries.
Functions
Applications
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Polysorbate 20 is also known as:
These terms refer to the same chemical compound and are often used interchangeably in formulations and technical documentation.
Polysorbate 20 is a nonionic surfactant and emulsifier derived from sorbitol and lauric acid. It is manufactured via ethoxylation, producing a water-soluble compound that blends oils with water-based systems.
Polysorbate 20 is considered milder than other emulsifiers like polysorbate 60 and 80, and is used to help oils, fragrances, and essential oils disperse evenly in water-based liquids. This makes it especially useful in sensitive-skin formulations where clarity and stability are critical.
Industries that commonly use polysorbate 20 include:
| Product Property | Description |
| Appearance | Clear, yellowish liquid |
| pH (5% solution) | 5.00-7.00 |
| Moisture (by KF) (%) | 3.00 Max. |
| Saponification Value (mg KOH/G) | 40.00-50.00 |
| Acid Value (mg KOH/g) | 2.00 Max. |
| Hydroxyl Value (mg KOH/g) | 96.00-108.00 |
| Iodine Value (g I2/100g) | 5.00 Max. |
| Heavy Metals (ppm) | 10.00 Max. |
| Arsenic (As) (ppm) | 1.00 Max. |
| 1,4 Dioxane (ppm) | 10.00 Max. |
Polysorbate 20’s mild, nonionic nature makes it especially useful in formulations that require clarity, stability, and compatibility with a wide range of ingredients.
Polysorbate 20 supports fragrance solubilization, enhances formula stability and clarity, prevents ingredient separation, and improves overall product texture. Its mild profile also makes it a popular choice for leave-on and sensitive-skin products.
Common cosmetic and personal care applications for polysorbate 20:
Polysorbate 20 is commonly used in grooming products and animal health formulations. It functions as a solubilizer for oils and fragrances in products designed for topical use.
Common animal care applications for polysorbate 20:
Polysorbate 20 is also used in household and commercial cleaning products, helping emulsify oily residues, improve formulation clarity, and maintain stability during storage and use. Its nonionic structure allows it to perform well alongside other surfactants and cleaning agents.
Common cleaning product applications for polysorbate 20:
Polysorbate 20 is used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical and laboratory applications. Its compatibility with sensitive ingredients makes it well-suited for regulated and technical applications.
Common pharmaceutical and laboratory applications for polysorbate 20:
Beyond personal care and pharmaceuticals, polysorbate 20 is used in a variety of specialty and industrial formulations that require emulsification and stability.
Common specialty and industrial applications for polysorbate 20:
Polysorbate 20 is a practical choice for formulators seeking consistent results in water-based systems.
Key benefits include:
Proper storage and handling of polysorbate 20 help maintain product quality and ensure workplace safety in highly regulated industries.
Typical safety considerations include:
Chemquest’s CQsorb 20 is supplied with comprehensive Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and Technical Data Sheet (TDS) documentation to support compliance, safe handling, and regulatory review. Users should always consult these documents for detailed safety, disposal, and regulatory information before use.
Polysorbate 20 is widely used in cosmetic and personal care formulations, including leave-on products. It is considered safe when used within recommended concentrations and is commonly included in formulations intended for sensitive skin.
Polysorbate 20 is derived from natural fatty acids, such as lauric acid, but it undergoes chemical processing during manufacturing. As a result, it is typically classified as a synthetic or semi-synthetic ingredient rather than a fully natural one.
The main difference between polysorbate 20 and polysorbate 80 lies in the fatty acid source and the applications they support. Polysorbate 20 is best suited for light oils and fragrances, while polysorbate 80 is better for heavier creams and lotions.